Antimicrobial activity of Anonna mucosa (Jacq) grown <italic>in vivo</italic> and obtained by <italic>in vitro</italic>culture
de Souza Barboza, Thiago JoséFerreira, Andréa Fonsecade Paula Rosa Ignacio, Ana ClaudiaAlbarello, Norma
<p>Brazilian flora includes numerous species of medicinal importance that can be used to develop new drugs. Plant tissue culture offers strategies for conservation and use of these species allowing continuous production of plants and bioactive substances. <italic>Annona mucosa</italic> has produced substances such as acetogenins and alkaloids that exhibit antimicrobial activities. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria, which represents a serious risk of infection. In view of this problem, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of extracts of <italic>A. mucosa</italic> obtained by <italic>in vitro</italic> techniques and also cultured under <italic>in vivo</italic> conditions. Segments from seedlings were inoculated onto different culture media containing the auxin picloram and the cytokinin kinetin at different concentrations. The calluses obtained were used to produce cell suspension cultures. The materials were subjected to methanol extraction and subsequent fractionation in hexane and dichloromethane. The antimicrobial activity against 20 strains of clinical relevance was evaluated by the macrodilution method at minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations. The extracts showed selective antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of <italic>Streptococcus pyogenes</italic> and <italic>Bacillus thuringiensis</italic> at different concentrations. The plant tissue culture methods produced plant materials with antibacterial properties, as well as <italic>in vivo</italic> grown plants. The antibacterial activity of material obtained through biotechnological procedures of <italic>A. mucosa</italic> is reported here for the first time.</p>.(AU)
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