Microsatellite multiplex systems for Brycon orbignyanus (Characiformes: Bryconidae)

Carvalho, L. CRibeiro, J. MYazbeck, G. M

The Neotropical migratory (piracema) fish species Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850), commonly known as piracanjuba, was once considered one of the most conspicuous resources for fisheries in the La Plata River Basin, the second largest in South America, but today is considered a threatened species, almost extinct in the wild ( Machado et al., 2008 ; Oliveira et al., 2017 ). It suffers from several pressures such as intense hydroelectric exploitation in the basin, pollution, deforestation of riverine vegetation and introduction of species ( Oliveira et al., 2017 ). Its omnivorous habits and fast growth curve under domestication ( Sipaúba-Tavares et al., 2008 ; Nogueira et al., 2014 ) makes this fish a good candidate for the development of aquaculture programs, which could guarantee its ex situ cultivation and help in situ conservation initiatives. Hatchery production of this species, targeting stocking efforts in areas affected by dam introduction, is presumed to be important in helping maintaining small population remnants in some isolated points in the basin, but this is still unaddressed in rigorous scientific studies. Such scenario brings about the importance of the development of tools for the rapid assessment of genetic diversity and structure, in order to identify the impacts over dwindling stocks and to evaluate the efficiency of fish stocking activities, in this important species.(AU)